Interception: What is it, and why is it important to learning, and sensory processing?

 

Interception: What is it, and why is it important to learning, and sensory processing?

 

By Lea Altea Winnen                                                                                                                               November 5, 2024

Created Using Canva by Lea Winnen

When learning about the body’s sensory systems, we know there are five senses: sight, touch, smell, hearing, and taste.  It keeps things simple and to the point, but in reality, there are 8 senses: visual (sight), gustatory (taste), olfactory (smell), tactile (touch), Auditory (hearing), vestibular (sense of your head in space), proprioceptive (sense of your limbs in space), and interoception.  The focus of this article will be on interoception, what it is, how it works, and why it is important. Interoception is signals within the body communicating with other parts of the body.  It's your body signaling that it needs to pee, eat, sleep, and experience pain, fear, hunger, etc.  According to Harvard Medical Magazine in the article, “Making Sense of Interception” it states, “…interception processes information from the heart, gut, lungs, and more as our internal organs interact with the brain.”  This information keeps our bodies in balance and interacting cohesively.  The article goes on to address how we [society] know almost nothing about how these interactions happen on a metabolic and cellular level.  Also, the evidence demonstrates that it could be the link between such conditions as “…anxiety, eating disorders, addiction, and chronic pain.”   In the article, It covers a study done in the 1980s by Rainer Schandry, a psychologist.  The study had participants try and count their heartbeats without taking their pulse.  It was found that people with conditions like anxiety were more accurate on the count than individuals with conditions, such as eating disorders and autism.  But the Harvard Medical Magazine article also goes on to explain, that interaction is much more than an individual’s ability to count heartbeats.  The vast connectivity of our internal structures and how it communicate with each other and the brain has opened huge opportunities for study in the neurological sciences.  Scientists are beginning to map out the connections between structures within the body, particularly, the Vagus nervous system and the brain through a vast interconnective highway.

Why is this important?  How our bodies communicate within ourselves determines how we interact with our external selves.  If someone is experiencing chronic pain and doctors cannot figure out what could cause such issues, then it may point to the body and brain connections.  It gives the medical sciences different ways to address imbalances, disorders, and illnesses within.  Could there be a malfunction in the vast interconnective highway between our bodies and our brains?   For our kiddos and students who have conditions, like ASD, ADHD, or other sensory issues, It can give us insight into other techniques and innovative ways to address these issues within the academic and home environments.  It opens up an understanding of how to meet these challenges for these individuals. For example, a student may not realize they need to go to the bathroom when they are engaged in a task they enjoy and have frequent accidents.  Helping that student engage with their interception within themselves, can increase their attention to these moments and decrease accidents.

The Havard Medical Magazine article went on to talk about how Cognitive Behavioral Therapy or CBT, and other mindfulness-based practices were being used to assist individuals in finding the right balance between over-listening or under-listening to their internal connective biological dialog.  Because this is a new frontier in the medical sciences, many different frameworks can be used to explore the needs of our children and students, with special conditions.  Such as Children who have a difficult time sitting still at a desk, table, or on the floor and paying attention could benefit from these innovative techniques and strategies. Such as using a wiggle disc or yoga/ exercise ball to feed their internal need for sensory input to move.  If they fidget and tap their fingers, other sensory interventions can be used to help occupy their hands.  Students who wander the room can be given specialty sensory tools or tasks to help keep them in their seats or be given a location within the classroom to decrease the impact on other students’ learning.

One consideration to bring into focus is to increase the teachers, staff, and parents' understanding of why students with special needs may need these sensory interventions.  Many times, these students’ sensory needs are not understood, and therefore teachers, staff, and parents interact with inappropriate strategies or discipline in an attempt to counter the particularly disruptive behaviors, such as limiting outside recess or having the child sit on a hard cement floor outside the classroom doorway.  Both these methods are counteractive to the needs of that child, decrease their level of engagement/ learning, and increase their anxiety/ body-brain connection, and willingness for participation within the classroom’s social setting.

By encouraging an understanding among parents, family members, teachers, staff, and other individuals who may be interacting with such students and why its important to that student’s learning could improve not only the student’s relationship with other students and, staff but also increase their ability to want to engage in an active learning environment in a positive way.

 

Sources:

Making Sense of Interoception | Harvard Medicine Magazine

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